Emerging Infectious Diseases, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Non-communicable Diseases, Tropical Biomedicine, Tropical Diseases, Tropical Fish Diseases, Tropical Health Nutrition, Tropical Medicine, Tropical Medicine and Health, and Tropical Medicine and Hygiene are just a few of the topics covered in the open access journal Tropical Medicine & Surgery. The journal's focus extends beyond merely tropical medicine; articles on parasitology, veterinary care, and epidemiology, which are closely related to research in tropical medicine, are also welcomed. It is a benefit for researchers and students who want to stay up to date on the most recent developments in the medical profession because it will enable them to expand on their present knowledge.

Cancer is a complex, dynamic tissue that uses a variety of growth and expansion tactics, including immune escape. In fact, Hanahan and Weinberg's 2011 version of their review includes the idea of "avoiding immune destruction" as a newly emerging characteristic of cancer (Hanahan and Weinberg, 2011). Years of research into the connection between immunity and cancer have led to the development of immunotherapy as a viable cancer treatment in recent years (Vesely et al., 2011). (Chen and Mellman, 2013). It is now widely known that the immune system is capable of spontaneously identifying tumour antigens and generating a lethal response through the creation of specialised anti-tumoral CD8+ T cells, which is based on the notion of cancer immunosurveillance presented by Burnet and Thomas (Burnet, 1970).

Through the years, the idea of cancer immunosurveillance has changed into the more contemporary cancer immunoediting theory. Three phases make up the foundation of cancer immunoediting: the activation of an innate and adoptive immune response that destroys tumour cells (the elimination phase), the survival of sporadic tumour cells that initiate immunoediting (the equilibrium phase), the development of low-immunogenic tumours, and an immunosuppressive microenvironment (the escape phase) (Mittal et al., 2014; Schreiber et al., 2011). Because immune cells, cancer cells, and the microenvironment interact with one another, adaptive immune resistance is a natural process. The immune system has conflicting functions in this process, preventing tumour development in the host but also accelerating tumour growth.

As a result, new approaches to combat immune tolerance and T cell anergy or exhaustion are currently being developed and serve as the foundation for the next generation of immunotherapies. These approaches include the development of new molecules that can co-stimulate T cells and the identification of novel tumour antigens through deep-sequencing technology.